Demand For Ecosystem Services Research Articles

Mapping ecosystem service temporal trends: a case study of European wood potential, supply and demand between 2008 and 2018

Wood is one of the key forest Ecosystem Services (ES) of growing ecological, social and economic importance; therefore, we need more precise information about its long-term usage. To achieve this, it is necessary to examine the spatio-temporal aspects of wood ES potential, supply and demand. In this study, we analyse spatio-temporal patterns of wood ES supply and demand at continental, national and regional scales to identify areas of increasing and decreasing supply and demand levels in Europe. In addition, we present background information about the potential of European forests to provide wood ES and its relationship to supply and demand. Our results showed that the overall European wood supply and demand as well as the wood ES potential were characterised by increasing trends. Furthermore, this increase was also regional, particularly in central and northern Europe. This study demonstrates not only the significance of spatio-temporal data in ES mapping, but also the importance of considering a broader range of components of the ES cascade model when assessing change. Our research has shown that potential, supply and demand can all increase in the same area, but also that low supply and demand do not guarantee wood potential growth. In addition, we found that a broad scale assessment helps to identify more general patterns and trends, but analysing data at a more accurate scale provides more comprehensive insights for identifying areas that may require targeted action for sustainable forest management.

Effects of management practices on the ecosystem-service multifunctionality of temperate grasslands

Human wellbeing depends on ecosystem services, highlighting the need for improving the ecosystem-service multifunctionality of food and feed production systems. We study Swiss agricultural grasslands to assess how employing and combining three widespread aspects of grassland management and their interactions can enhance 22 plot-level ecosystem service indicators, as well as ecosystem-service multifunctionality. The three management aspects we assess are i) organic production system, ii) an eco-scheme prescribing extensive management (without fertilization), and iii) harvest type (pasture vs. meadow). While organic production system and interactions between the three management aspects play a minor role, the main effects of eco-scheme and harvest type considerably shape single services. Moreover, the eco-scheme ‘extensive management’ and the harvest type ‘pasture’ enhance plot-scale ecosystem-service multifunctionality, mostly through facilitating cultural services at the expense of provisioning services. These changes in ecosystem-service supply occur mainly via changes in land-use intensity, i.e., reduced fertilizer input and harvest frequency. In conclusion, diversifying grassland management where this is currently homogeneous across farms and landscapes depicts an important first step to improve landscape-scale multifunctionality for sustainable grassland systems. To meet societal ecosystem services demand, the three studied management aspects can be systematically combined to increase ecosystem services that are in short supply.

Construction and Change Analysis of Water Ecosystem Service Flow Networks in the Xiangjiang River Basin (XRB)

Clearing and successfully characterizing ecosystem service flow paths has become a key bottleneck restricting in-depth research on the supply and demand relationships of ecosystem services. At present, although some explorations have been performed using water ecosystem services as a pioneer, the nature of its network and the fact that ecological base flow needs to be eliminated have been ignored. This study used InVEST and network models to consider ecological base flow, quantifying the supply, demand, and flow paths of freshwater ecosystem services in the Xiangjiang River Basin. The results showed that the overall distribution of the water supply in the Xiangjiang River Basin from 2000 to 2020 shows a pattern of higher supply in the south and lower supply in the north. The distribution of water demand shows higher levels in the north and lower levels in the south. The network density remains at its maximum level. The results of this study have provided a scientific basis for water resource management in river basins and improving ecological compensation mechanisms.

Construction of Cultivated Land Ecological Network Based on Supply and Demand of Ecosystem Services and MCR Model: A Case Study of Shandong Province, China

The research on the ecological protection of cultivated land has gradually become a focus and frontier of cultivated land protection. Constructing an ecological network of a cultivated land system is important to improve the effect of cultivated land ecological protection. In this study, the supply-demand ratio of five ecosystem services was calculated from 2000 to 2020 in Shandong Province, a major grain-producing area in China. The morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA) model was used to construct the minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) model. The conclusions of the study are as follows: (1) the areas with a higher supply and demand ratio of various ecosystem services of cultivated land in Shandong Province are distributed in southern and southwestern areas. (2) The ecological source of cultivated land in Shandong Province has decreased by about 7000 km2 from 2000 to 2020, and the fragmentation trend is obvious. (3) The total length of the ecological corridors is 798.5 km2. The majority of these corridors are located in central and southern Shandong. The ideas and conclusions of this study are important for the formulation of ecological protection policies for regional cultivated land systems.

Spatial and temporal evolution analysis of ecological security pattern in Hubei Province based on ecosystem service supply and demand analysis

Realizing the superior stability of natural resources for regional economic growth depends on the construction of the Ecological Security Pattern (ESP)11the Ecological Security Pattern (ESP).. The ESP of Hubei Province was determined based on the supply and demand of ecosystem services (ESSD)22the supply and demand of ecosystem services (ESSD).. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) The overall supply of ecosystem services in Hubei Province exceeds the demand, and the imbalance between supply and demand in Wuhan, Xiangyang and Jingzhou is the most serious. (2) The largest ecological source area in 2000 was 90,506 km2, followed by 86,946 km2 in 2020. (3) 11 long-term ecological obstacles with a total area of 312.96 km2 were identified, which were mainly composed of large areas of cultivated land and water. (5) The ecological protection and restoration pattern of “two axes, three belts, four districts and five cores (two main and three secondary)” has been constructed in Hubei Province. The results of this study provide reference for the management and protection of regional ecosystem and the overall response to ecological problems in Hubei Province.

Spatial–Temporal Pattern of Coordination between the Supply and Demand for Ecosystem Services in the Lhasa River Basin

Quantifying the spatiotemporal patterns of the coordination between ecosystem service supply and demand is vital for regional sustainable development. To reveal the dynamic pattern of the coordination of ecosystem service (ES) supply and demand in the Lhasa River Basin, we quantified the supply of the following four ESs using the InVEST model from 2000 to 2018: carbon sequestration (CS), water conservation (WC), habitat quality (HQ), and soil conservation (SC). Using socio-economic data, including land development degree, GDP, and population density, the ES demand was quantified. The ES supply–demand ratio (ESDR) and coupling coordination degree (CCD) model were used to evaluate the coupling relationship and coordination of ES supply and demand. The spatial autocorrelation analysis was used to determine the spatial correlation and changes in the ES supply–demand coupling coordination degree. The results indicate that the distribution of ESDR exhibited significant spatial heterogeneity. The area with ES supply far greater than demand was always in the upstream area of the Lhasa River, while the ES demand of Chengguan District far exceeded supply. Grasslands and forests were the main contributors to ESDRs, providing positive ESDRs for three services, SC, HQ, and WC, with a total proportion above 80%. From 2000 to 2018, the mismatch between ES supply and demand was gradually spreading upstream, while the upstream areas had a relatively high CCD. The spatial correlations of the CCD in the Lhasa River basin all showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.01). The high–high aggregation areas were concentrated in the northeast of the Lhasa River basin, while the low–low aggregation areas were centered around Chengguan District. This study provides reference values for optimizing the land use spatial patterns in ecologically vulnerable areas with the goal of sustainable development.

Supply and demand of ecosystem services of urban green spaces in deprived areas: Perceptions from Kumasi, Ghana

Urban green spaces (UGS) contribute to human health and wellbeing. However, few studies have focused on cities in the Global South, mainly examining them on a citywide scale without considering deprived areas where residents lack basic facilities and sufficient income. Consequently, there is limited understanding of the relationship between the availability of UGS and associated ecosystem services (ES), and what is actually demanded for by residents in such deprived areas. Therefore, this study aims to assess (i) the perceived supply and (ii) the perceived demand for ES of UGS in selected deprived urban areas; and (iii) to determine the potential gap(s) between these perceived supply and demand aspects. A mixed-method approach was adopted for the study, incorporating GIS methods, household surveys, and key informant interviews. As case studies, the study was conducted in two deprived areas in Kumasi, Ghana – Dakodwom and Ayigya Zongo. The findings reveal that land scarcity and encroachment have led to a limited supply of UGS in these areas. Nevertheless, residents appreciate the few available UGS and ES, demonstrating adaptation to their limited resources. They particularly highlighted the cultural ES provided by these UGS. The high demand for these services, surpassing their supply, shows significant gaps, emphasising the need for comprehensive urban planning and management decisions. Such decisions should involve all stakeholders and be underpinned by effective legislative support.

The spatiotemporal effects on ecosystem services supply-demand from industrial transformation and upgrading: Promotion or inhibition?

Traditional industrial development models have already caused an imbalance in ecosystem services supply and demand (ESSD). As a response strategy, industrial transformation and upgrading (ITU) are increasingly playing a vital role in regulating the relationship among ESSD. However, research on the interplay and impact of these two aspects remains insufficient. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis of the complex effects of ITU on ESSD is essential for industrial planning and environmental management. We developed a theoretical framework to interpret how ITU impacts ESSD, from the perspective of the natural-social-economic composite ecosystem. Using the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) as an example, we employed the Dynamic Spatial Durbin model (DSDM) to reveal the spatiotemporal effects of ITU on ESSD for four distinct types. The results indicated that from 2010 to 2021, the total supply of ecosystem services in the YREB exceeded the demand. The kernel density curves of ESSD ratios related to food production, carbon sequestration, water conservation, and soil conservation all show a trend of peak shifting to the bottom right over time. Additionally, pronounced spatial heterogeneity was observed in the ESSD ratios, with a notable clustering trend over time. Furthermore, the analysis of spatiotemporal effects decomposition revealed that ITU had a detrimental influence on the equilibrium between the supply and demand of food production, with this adverse effect intensifying and manifesting a stronger spatial spillover as time progressed. Positive effects were observed in the supply and demand for carbon sequestration and water conservation, both demonstrating significant spatial spillover effects. Steady negative spatiotemporal effects were noted for soil conservation supply and demand. Finally, we clarified the principal pathways through which ITU impacts ESSD. It offers policy recommendations for industrial development and ecosystem stewardship to mitigate the ESSD imbalance.

Spatial and Temporal Changes in Supply and Demand for Ecosystem Services in Response to Urbanization: A Case Study in Vilnius, Lithuania

Intensification of urbanization is changing the supply capacities and demand levels of ecosystem services (ESs), and their mismatch has become a major problem for the sustainable development of urban areas. In this study, spatiotemporal changes of three ecosystem services (food provision, C sequestration, recreation) were quantified and imbalances between their supply and demand were identified in Vilnius County (Lithuania) in 2000–2020. The most significant land use transformation was the increase in forest and urbanized land at the expense of agricultural land. The lowest supply and the highest demand for food, carbon sequestration, and outdoor recreation were in the urban center. The urban land ratio had a negative impact on the provision of ecosystems’ services during the study period, most notably affecting food supply. Urbanization indicators—population density and urban land area—showed a negative relationship with the provision of ecosystem services. The balance of supply and demand changed during the 2000–2020 period—the growth of suburbs led to the distance of the supply areas from the city, and the area of the intense demand increased. The results of the study highlight the importance of spatial scale in determining the impact of urbanization on ecosystem functions.

A new multiscale collection and allocation framework for national ecological compensation funds based on ecosystem service supply and demand dynamics

To date, a clear model between ecosystem services (ES) and their beneficiaries has not been established, which reduces the possibilities of the implementation and effective use of ecological compensation. In this study, we constructed a “top-down” and “bottom-up” bidirectional framework for ecological compensation fund (ECFs) collection and allocation, by taking into account the supply and demand of ES. This framework focuses on how to (i) collect ECFs from consumers and (ii) distribute ECFs equitably to suppliers, (iii) and utilize the net ECFs of each administrative unit to improve the efficiency. We analyzed the ES and ECFs in 31 provinces, 333 prefecture-level cities, and 2844 districts (counties) in China from 2000 to 2020, and further classified the relationship between gross domestic product (GDP) and ECFs. Our research revealed that ES and ECFs exhibited a consistent upward trend over time, but displayed significant disparities and inconsistencies across different geographical areas. This analysis identified four distinct relationship modes between ECFs and GDP, serving as a valuable foundation for promoting environmentally sustainable development. The proposed framework acts as a “bridge” connecting the ES and stakeholders through national ECFs, helps address the challenges in ecological compensation financing, and enhances the clarity of the collection and allocation process. We believe that the implementation of this ECF framework, with the support of ecosystem management activities, could provide the basis for Green transformation development in China and beyond.

Computerized constructed wetlands allocation model (based on ecosystem services demand)

Egypt’s urban communities face many threats, including, pluvial floods, heat waves, and lack of publicly accessible urban green spaces. Nature-based solutions such as constructed wetlands (CWs) present a promising solution that could offer a wide range of ecosystem services (ES). However, the adoption of CWs is challenged by the lack of local planning guides and uncertainty about potential benefits. There are various models and tools available for quantifying and valuing ES, however, many of them are either highly complex or require extensive data and expertise. The aim of this paper is to develop a GIS-based multi-criteria decision model to select CW sites based on the supply and demand of ES. The model is to operate on three main stages: (i) demand: based on the need for risk reduction or benefit provisioning, (ii) potential sites (PSs): identify and score suitable sites for establishing a CW, and (iii) supply: define the service benefiting areas (SBA). An experimental approach is used, where the model is tested on New Damietta, an Egyptian Mediterranean city, proving the model is a reliable decision-making tool during preliminary urban planning stages due to its practicality, flexibility, and reasonable data requirements.

Assessment of supply-demand relationships considering the interregional flow of ecosystem services.

Accurate assessment of ecosystem service (ES) supply, demand, and flow is essential for identifying and enhancing the ES supply-demand relationship and promoting regional sustainable development. Based on the InVEST model, supply-demand ratio, coupling coordination analysis, breakpoint and field strength model, and GIS spatial analysis method, we evaluated the supply and demand of water yield, food supply, carbon storage, and soil conservation service in the Loess Plateau in 2000 and 2020 and analyzed the supply-demand relationship before and after considering the interregional ecosystem service flow (ESF). The results showed that (1) from 2000 to 2020, the supply and demand of the four types of ESs in the Loess Plateau increased. Before considering ESF, the surplus degree in water yield, food supply, and soil conservation increased, and carbon storage decreased. In most counties, the coupling coordination between the supply and demand of the soil conservation is mostly extreme incoordination and moderate incoordination, and other types of ESs are mostly reluctant coordination and moderate incoordination. The degree of incoordination in water yield and soil conservation have eased, while food supply and carbon storage have strengthened. For the comprehensive supply-demand relationship of ES, the degree of surplus and coordination increased, with most counties were in a state of surplus and coordination. (2) Water yield and soil conservation services flow primarily to the western and northwestern portions of the Loess Plateau, with a decrease in the number of flow paths but an increase in the total flow rate for the former and a decrease in flow paths and total flow rate for the latter. The food supply and carbon storage flow in all directions and the total flow rate increases, with a significant increase in the number of flow paths for carbon storage. (3) After considering ESF, the supply-demand relationship of each type of ES and the comprehensive ES supply-demand relationship are changed, in which the degree of surplus and coordination of deficit counties are significantly improved, and some counties even become surplus or improve the level of coordination. After considering ESF, the supply-demand ratio changes even more relative to the degree of coupling coordination. This study is of great significance for identifying the cross-regional transfer pattern of ES, understanding in-depth the dynamic supply-demand relationship of ES, and mitigating the mismatch between supply and demand of ES. It provides a scientific and objective theoretical basis for promoting regional sustainable development.

Modelling and dynamic water analysis for the ecosystem service in the Central Citarum watershed, Indonesia

Exploring the drivers of changes in ecosystem services is crucial to maintain ecosystem functionality, especially in the diverse Central Citarum watershed. This study utilises the integrated valuation of ecosystem service and trade-offs (InVEST) model and multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) model to examine ecosystem services patterns from 2006 to 2018. The InVEST is a hydrological model to calculate water availability and evaluate benefits provided by nature through simulating alterations in the amount of water yields driven by land use/cover changes. Economic, topographic, climate, and vegetation factors are considered, with an emphasis on their essential components. The presence of a geographical link between dependent and explanatory variables was investigated using a multiscale geographic weighted regression model. The MGWR model is employed to analyse spatial impacts. The integration of both models simplified the process and enhanced its understanding. The findings reveal the following patterns: 1) decreasing land cover and increasing ecosystem services demand in the watershed, along with a decline in water yield, e.g. certain sub-districts encounter water scarcity, while others have abundant water resources; 2) the impact of natural factors on water yield shifts along vegetation > climate > topography (2006) changes to climate > vegetation > topography (2018).

Construction of carbon sequestration ecological network in Linyi City based on supply and demand of ecosystem service.

The increasing carbon emissions is one of the important reasons for global warming. As a key area of carbon emissions, carbon sequestration capacity of cities is urgently needed to be improved. Carbon sequestration ser-vices can be transferred between supply and demand areas due to the circulation of atmosphere. With Linyi City as an example, we used the minimum cumulative resistance model to extract the matching path of supply and demand, and constructed a carbon sequestration ecological network. The results showed that the regions with high supply of carbon sequestration services were located in the north and south of the study area, and that current total supply could solve about 60% of the total demand. Although the spatial distribution of supply and demand was uneven, 54% of the areas that could meet the surrounding carbon sequestration demand were still idle. The optimized supply-demand matching paths could maintain good transmission efficiency of material and energy, with lower costs. Paths with strong potential carbon sequestration capacity were located in the central and northwest part of the research area. In the construction of carbon sequestration ecological network, it is necessary to strengthen the protection and restoration of the supply side of carbon sequestration services, realize carbon reduction and strengthen carbon sequestration on the demand side, and optimize the matching path of supply and demand. This method provided services to the demand areas through the oversupply of ecosystem services, optimized the overall resource allocation, which could advance regional carbon sequestration capacity.

Multiscale Ecological Zoning Management with Coupled Ecosystem Service Bundles and Supply–Demand Balance, the Case of Hangzhou, China

Grasping the interrelationship between the supply and demand of ecosystem services (ESs) and spatial scale characteristics is the foundation for effective ecological zoning management, which helps to realize a win–win situation for both ecological protection and economic development. This paper focuses on the following three real problems: mismatch in ES supply and demand evaluation, mechanical and subjective delineation of ecological zoning, and rough management strategies, and constructs a multi-scale ecological zoning management framework for the “comprehensive evaluation of supply and demand, ecological zoning, and enhancement of human well-being”. This study integrates the InVEST model, SOM, Z-score quadrant matching, and coordination degree method, and applies them to the ecological management zoning of Hangzhou. The results show that (1) the spatial differentiation of ESs in Hangzhou is significant. The spatial pattern of the five types of ES supply varies at the county scale and the grid scale on which ES demand is concentrated and is consistent at different scales. (2) ES supply–demand matching in Hangzhou is at the basic coordination and can be divided into four modes including HH, LH, LL, and HL at both the county and grid scales. On the small scale, the proportion of mismatches declines slightly, but the severity rises. (3) ES supply is divided into four categories as follows: the food production bundle, the carbon storage bundle, the ESs balancing bundle, and the ESs depleting bundle, and clarifies the priority of ES management. (4) Construct an ecological management practice path, delineates 6 ecological management zones at the county scale and 19 secondary management zones at the grid scale. Targeted measures are proposed in terms of supply–demand adjustment strategies, ecological management strategies, and key implementation areas. This study helps to incorporate the interaction between the supply and demand of ESs into the planning framework and provides decision-making support for refined ecological management.

Ecological management zoning based on static and dynamic matching characteristics of ecosystem services supply and demand in the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area

Clarifying the current status and variation trends of ecosystem services (ESs) supply and demand (ESSD) matching is helpful in providing comprehensive information for ecological management decisions. Most existing studies focus on the static matching between ESSD, ignoring changes in ESSD matching and whether such changes are sustainable for people's demand or not. This study firstly attempts to develop a zoning method based on static and dynamic matching of ESSD. Taking the county/district as the primary research unit, we quantified the supply and demand of six typical ESs in the Greater Bay Area (GBA) from 2000 to 2020, which included grain production (GP), vegetable production (VP), fruit production (FP), water yield (WY), carbon sequestration (CS) and water purification (WP). Further, we identified ESSD's static and dynamic matching characteristics, and formulated four matching types (ESs surplus-sustainable type (S–S), ESs surplus-unsustainable type (S-US), ESs deficit-sustainable type (D-S), and ESs deficit-unsustainable type (D-US)) as ecological management zones. The results showed that ESSD in the GBA are extremely mismatched, with an overall surplus in surrounding ecological barrier areas and a serious deficit in central core areas. For GP, VP, FP and CS, the mismatch is gradually intensified, while for WP and WY, the mismatch is gradually alleviated. The S–S type was largely reflected in GP, VP, FP and WP, the S-US type was concentrated in WY, and they all mainly distributed in the surrounding areas. Meanwhile, the D-S type was mostly reflected in CS and WP, and the D-US type was mainly occurred in the central areas. This study proposed a zoning approach based on static and dynamic matching of ESSD, which can provide more reasonable guidance for regional ecological management.

Research Progress on Application of Ecosystem Services Supply and Demand Application Under the Planning Path of “Identification – Establishment – Management and Control”

Research Progress on Application of Ecosystem Services Supply and Demand Application Under the Planning Path of “Identification – Establishment – Management and Control”

Spatial Correlation between the Changes in Supply and Demand for Water-Related Ecosystem Services

Clarifying the spatiotemporal changes in the supply and demand of water-related ecosystem services (WESs) can provide comprehensive support information for ecological governance decisions. However, the spatial mismatch between the supply and demand of WESs is often overlooked, resulting in a lack of targeted decision-making. At the grid scale, while preserving both natural and social attributes, this study quantitatively analyzed the spatiotemporal changes in the supply and demand of WESs in the Southern River Basin from 2000 to 2020. Ecological zoning was performed based on the temporal changes in WESs supply and demand. The OPGD model was used to investigate the impacts of socio-economic and natural factors on different WESs supply factors and further explore the spatial correlation of WESs supply and demand changes in different zones. The results show that there is significant spatial heterogeneity in the changes in WESs supply and demand. Economic belts and megacities have experienced remarkable changes, with WESs supply decreasing and WESs demand increasing. WESs demand changes significantly affect WESs supply changes. The supply of WESs in all zones is influenced by WESs demand. In the high supply–low demand zone, WY has the highest explanatory power for WESs demand changes. From the high supply–middle demand zone to the low supply–middle demand zone and then to the high supply–high demand zone, the explanatory power of PE for WESs demand changes gradually increases. As WESs demand starts from the middle level, HAI gradually dominates WESs demand changes. The increase in land use changes may promote the impact of WESs demand changes on WESs supply changes. This study contributes to incorporating the supply and demand changes of WESs and their correlations into the ecological protection and restoration system, providing a new perspective and method for regional sustainable management.

Investigation of the long-term supply–demand relationships of ecosystem services at multiple scales under SSP–RCP scenarios to promote ecological sustainability in China's largest city cluster

Ensuring ecological sustainability in urbanizing mega-regions like the Yangtze River Middle Reaches (YRMR) city cluster is crucial. Distinct dynamics in ecosystem service supply and demand (ESSD) have emerged due to land use changes, climate shifts, and policy drivers. Addressing potential imbalances and mismatches necessitates strategic ESSD regulation. However, it remains unclear how the future ESSD relationship will evolve under the combined impact of climate change and rapid urbanization. To improve demand simulation, this study examined causal links between socio-economic factors, land use, and ES demands from 2000 to 2018 using a system dynamics model. Six ES supplies and demands were simulated under the SSP-RCP scenarios in 2018–2050. Imbalances and mismatches in ESSD were assessed at grid, city, and sub-city cluster scales. The results showed sizable deficits in crop production (CP) and nature access (NA) services at three scales. A synergistic relationship between CP supply and water yield (WY) demand suggested that increased agricultural production could strain water resources. Growing demand for carbon storage (CS) and WY would worsen ESSD imbalance. To maintain long-term ESSD balance, strict carbon policies, land-use restrictions, cross-scale collaboration are needed. A tiered zoning approach based on supply-demand bundles can enhance ecosystem management in a socio-ecological context.

Ecological redline delineation based on the supply and demand of ecosystem services

As the bottom line of safeguarding ecological security, the term “ecological redline”, which was proposed in China, has important guidance and management value for maintaining ecological stability. The relationship between the supply and demand of ecosystem services (SDES) is a game between the supply side and the demand side of ecosystem services, reflecting the sustainability of ecosystem service functions and the harmony between the ecology and economy. Ecological redline is closely related to SDES. However, at present, the theoretical relationship between ecological redline and SDES has not been analyzed in depth, and the explanation in the “Technical Guidelines for the delineation of ecological protection redlines” (hereinafter referred to as “Guideline”) is vague. This paper analyzes the relationship between ecological redline and SDES, and further emphasizes that the delineation of ecological redlines includes the consideration of the relationship between supply and demand of ecosystem services. The difference between the supply and demand of ecosystem services (ESr) was used to represent SDES. A systematic method called “ecological redline delineation based on the supply and demand of ecosystem services (ERDBESs)” was proposed, including the calculation of ESr, the analysis of land use conversion, the identification of the scope of ecological protection, and the map of the ecological redline with ArcGIS. Urumqi was taken as the case city to conduct ERDBESs. The results showed that the total area of the ecological redline of Urumqi is 1826.23 square kilometers (km2), accounting for about 12.9% of the total area, in consistent with the announced ecological redline of Urumqi. The results show that the ecological redline delineation method in the Guideline actually includes the consideration of SDES, and this study provides a demonstration for it. This study regarded the ERDBESs as a feasible and rational method to delineate ecological redline and can be used as the theoretical support for the Guideline to practise ecological redline delineation based on SDES, enhancing the policy implications of the Guidance regarding the implicit logic between ecological redline and SDES.